Political Personalities (Politics) of Jammu and Kashmir
1. Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad (1907–1972)
was an Indian politician belonging to the Jammu & Kashmir National
Conference, who served as the Prime Minister of Jammu and
Kashmir from 1953 to 1964. Bakshi was a member of the National
Conference from its founding and rose to be the second in command
to the principal leader Sheikh Abdullah. He served as the Deputy
Prime Minister of the State of Jammu and Kashmir between 1947–
1953, but disagreed with Abdullah’s advocacy of independence for
the state in 1953. He staged a ‘coup’ with the help of the Head of
State Karan Singh, resulting in the dismissal and imprisonment of
Sheikh Abdullah. Bakshi was the longest serving Prime Minister of
Jammu and Kashmir, whose rule saw the formulation of the
Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir and a normalisation of relations
between Jammu and Kashmir and India.
2. Farooq Abdullah (born 21 October 1937) is a Kashmiri politician
and chairman of Jammu & Kashmir National Conference. He has
served as the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir on several
occasions since 1982, and as the union minister for New and
Renewable Energy between 2009 and 2014. He is the father of
former Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir Omar Abdullah.
3. Ghulam Nabi Azad (born 7 March 1949) is an Indian politician of
the Indian National Congress and was the Minister of Health and
Family Welfare. Presently, he serves as the Leader of opposition in
Rajya Sabha. He was the Parliamentary Affairs Minister of India in the
government of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh until 27 October
2005, when he was appointed as the Chief Minister of Jammu and
Kashmir. He led the party successfully in the 2002 Assembly election
in Jammu and Kashmir.
4. Karan Singh (born 9 March 1931) is an Indian politician,
philanthropist and poet. He belongs to Dogra dynasty and son of
Maharaja Hari Singh. He was a member of India’s Upper House of
Parliament, the Rajya Sabha representing the National Capital
Territory of Delhi. He is a senior member of the Indian National
Congress Party who served successively as President (SadriRiyasat)
and Governor of Jammu and Kashmir. Singh is the son of
the last ruler of the erstwhile princely state of Jammu and Kashmir,
Maharaja Hari Singh. In the 26th amendment to the Constitution of
India promulgated in 1971, the Government of India, of which Karan
Singh was a Union cabinet minister, abolished all official symbols of
princely India, including titles, privileges, and remuneration (privy
purses). During the conclusion of the Cold War, he was India’s
ambassador to the USA. Singh received the Padma Vibhushan in
2005. He was proposed for candidacy in the July 2017 Indian
presidential election by Bhim Singh.
5. Omar Abdullah (born 10 March 1970) is an Indian politician and
the scion of the Abdullah family, he became the 11th and the
youngest Chief Minister of the State of Jammu and Kashmir, after
forming a government in coalition with the Congress party, on 5
January 2009. He was the last Leader of opposition in the erstwhile
state Jammu & Kashmir legislative assembly (Member of the
Legislative Assembly from Beerwah constituency of Budgam district.)
before the assembly was dissolved and the state of Jammu &
Kashmir ceased to exist as on 6th August 2019. He was a member of
14th Lok Sabha, representing Srinagar constituency of Jammu and
Kashmir, India. He was the Union Minister of State for External affairs
in Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s NDA government, from 23 July 2001 to 23
December 2002. He resigned from NDA government in October 2002
to concentrate on party work. Omar joined politics in 1998, as a Lok
Sabha member, a feat he repeated in subsequent three elections and
also remained the Union minister; he took on the mantle of National
Conference from his father in 2002, though he lost his own seat of
Ganderbal during the 2002 state assembly elections, and so did his
party, the political mandate; four years later, he contested once again
from the same seat and won in the 2008 Kashmir State Elections.
6. Shamma Jain (born 1959) is an Indian senior diplomat serving as
the Indian Ambassador to Greece since June 2017. Previously, she
was the Ambassador of India to Panama, Costa Rica and Nicaragua.
She has also served as India’s Ambassador to Ivory Coast, Liberia,
Sierra Leone and Guinea from 2008 to 2011. She has also held other
diplomatic assignments, including as the Deputy Chief of Mission in
Rome, Italy, Political Counsellor in the U.S., and at the Permanent
Delegation of India to UNESCO in Paris, France.
7. Mohammed Abdullah Sheikh (5 December 1905 – 8 September
1982) was a Kashmiri politician who played a central role in the
politics of Jammu and Kashmir, the northernmost Indian state.
Referred by his supporters as “Sher-eKashmir” (Lion of Kashmir),
Abdullah was the founding leader of the All Jammu & Kashmir Muslim
Conference and the 2nd Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir after
its accession to India. He agitated against the rule of the Maharaja
Hari Singh and urged self-rule for Kashmir. He served as the 2nd
Prime Minister of the Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir after its
accession to India in 1947 and was later jailed and exiled. He was
dismissed from the position of Prime Ministership on 8 August 1953
and Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad was appointed as the new Prime
Minister. The expressions ‘Sadar-i-Riyasat’ and ‘Prime Minister’ were
replaced with the terms ‘Governor’ and ‘Chief Minister’ in 1965.
Sheikh Abdullah again became the Chief Minister of the state
following the 1974 Indira-Sheikh accord and remained in the top slot
till his death on 8 September 1982.
8. Mehbooba Mufti (born 22 May 1959) is an Indian politician of the
Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), who served
as the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir from 4 April 2016 to 19
June 2018. She formed a coalition government with the Bharatiya
Janata Party (BJP) and resigned on 19 June 2018 after the BJP
withdrew from the coalition. Mufti was the first and the last woman to
hold the office of Chief Minister in the state. She is the president of
the PDP and was a member of the Indian parliament, representing
Anantnag in the 16th Lok Sabha; before she was sworn in as the
Chief Minister of J&K. She had previously represented Anantnag in
the 14th Lok Sabha (2004–09) but did not contest the 2009 election
for the 15th Lok Sabha.
9. Mufti Mohammad Sayeed (12 January 1936
– 7 January 2016) was a politician from the Indian state of Jammu
and Kashmir. He served twice as the Chief Minister of Jammu and
Kashmir, from November 2002 to November 2005 and again from
March 2015 to January 2016. He was also Home Minister of India
from December 1989 to November 1990 . He founded the Jammu
and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party in July 1999 to “persuade the
Government of India to initiate an unconditional dialogue with
Kashmiris for resolution of the Kashmir problem.”
10. Fairoz Khan (born 21 March 1989) is an Indian student leader
and the former national president of the National Students’ Union of
India (NSUI). He was succeeded by Neeraj Kundan as the National
President of NSUI.
Political Parties of Jammu and Kashmir
1. The Jammu and Kashmir Democratic Freedom Party (JKDFP):
was founded in 1998 by Hashim Qureshi and Shabir Ahmad Shah as
a separatist party that advocates self-rule for Jammu and Kashmir.
2. The Jammu and Kashmir People’s Democratic Party (PDP): was
founded in 1999 by Mufti Mohammed Sayeed and is a separatist
party that advocates self-rule for Jammu and Kashmir.
3. The All Parties Hurriyat Conference (APHC): was founded in 1993
and is a political front formed as an alliance of 26 political, social and
religious organisations in Kashmir. One of the main objectives of the
APHC is ascend the Indian controlled regions of Kashmir to Pakistan
and to instate Islamic governance.
4. The Indian National Congress (INC): is one of the two major
political parties in India and is considered centre-left in the Indian
political spectrum. In the 2009 general election it formed a coalition
with a number of allies called the UPA and was able to form a
majority and form a government.
5. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP): is India’s second largest political
party and is considered centre-right in the Indian political spectrum
and is the Hindu-National party. They were in power from 1998 to
2004 when Atal Bihari Vajpayee was Prime Minister.
6. The Jammu and Kashmir National Conference Party (NCP): was
founded by Sheikh Abduallah in 1939 and dominated electoral politics
for many decades in the state, it is now being led by his grandson
Omar Abdullah. They are a moderate separatist party and call for
Jammu and Kashmir’s right to self-determination and autonomy.
1. Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad (1907–1972)
was an Indian politician belonging to the Jammu & Kashmir National
Conference, who served as the Prime Minister of Jammu and
Kashmir from 1953 to 1964. Bakshi was a member of the National
Conference from its founding and rose to be the second in command
to the principal leader Sheikh Abdullah. He served as the Deputy
Prime Minister of the State of Jammu and Kashmir between 1947–
1953, but disagreed with Abdullah’s advocacy of independence for
the state in 1953. He staged a ‘coup’ with the help of the Head of
State Karan Singh, resulting in the dismissal and imprisonment of
Sheikh Abdullah. Bakshi was the longest serving Prime Minister of
Jammu and Kashmir, whose rule saw the formulation of the
Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir and a normalisation of relations
between Jammu and Kashmir and India.
2. Farooq Abdullah (born 21 October 1937) is a Kashmiri politician
and chairman of Jammu & Kashmir National Conference. He has
served as the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir on several
occasions since 1982, and as the union minister for New and
Renewable Energy between 2009 and 2014. He is the father of
former Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir Omar Abdullah.
3. Ghulam Nabi Azad (born 7 March 1949) is an Indian politician of
the Indian National Congress and was the Minister of Health and
Family Welfare. Presently, he serves as the Leader of opposition in
Rajya Sabha. He was the Parliamentary Affairs Minister of India in the
government of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh until 27 October
2005, when he was appointed as the Chief Minister of Jammu and
Kashmir. He led the party successfully in the 2002 Assembly election
in Jammu and Kashmir.
4. Karan Singh (born 9 March 1931) is an Indian politician,
philanthropist and poet. He belongs to Dogra dynasty and son of
Maharaja Hari Singh. He was a member of India’s Upper House of
Parliament, the Rajya Sabha representing the National Capital
Territory of Delhi. He is a senior member of the Indian National
Congress Party who served successively as President (SadriRiyasat)
and Governor of Jammu and Kashmir. Singh is the son of
the last ruler of the erstwhile princely state of Jammu and Kashmir,
Maharaja Hari Singh. In the 26th amendment to the Constitution of
India promulgated in 1971, the Government of India, of which Karan
Singh was a Union cabinet minister, abolished all official symbols of
princely India, including titles, privileges, and remuneration (privy
purses). During the conclusion of the Cold War, he was India’s
ambassador to the USA. Singh received the Padma Vibhushan in
2005. He was proposed for candidacy in the July 2017 Indian
presidential election by Bhim Singh.
5. Omar Abdullah (born 10 March 1970) is an Indian politician and
the scion of the Abdullah family, he became the 11th and the
youngest Chief Minister of the State of Jammu and Kashmir, after
forming a government in coalition with the Congress party, on 5
January 2009. He was the last Leader of opposition in the erstwhile
state Jammu & Kashmir legislative assembly (Member of the
Legislative Assembly from Beerwah constituency of Budgam district.)
before the assembly was dissolved and the state of Jammu &
Kashmir ceased to exist as on 6th August 2019. He was a member of
14th Lok Sabha, representing Srinagar constituency of Jammu and
Kashmir, India. He was the Union Minister of State for External affairs
in Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s NDA government, from 23 July 2001 to 23
December 2002. He resigned from NDA government in October 2002
to concentrate on party work. Omar joined politics in 1998, as a Lok
Sabha member, a feat he repeated in subsequent three elections and
also remained the Union minister; he took on the mantle of National
Conference from his father in 2002, though he lost his own seat of
Ganderbal during the 2002 state assembly elections, and so did his
party, the political mandate; four years later, he contested once again
from the same seat and won in the 2008 Kashmir State Elections.
6. Shamma Jain (born 1959) is an Indian senior diplomat serving as
the Indian Ambassador to Greece since June 2017. Previously, she
was the Ambassador of India to Panama, Costa Rica and Nicaragua.
She has also served as India’s Ambassador to Ivory Coast, Liberia,
Sierra Leone and Guinea from 2008 to 2011. She has also held other
diplomatic assignments, including as the Deputy Chief of Mission in
Rome, Italy, Political Counsellor in the U.S., and at the Permanent
Delegation of India to UNESCO in Paris, France.
7. Mohammed Abdullah Sheikh (5 December 1905 – 8 September
1982) was a Kashmiri politician who played a central role in the
politics of Jammu and Kashmir, the northernmost Indian state.
Referred by his supporters as “Sher-eKashmir” (Lion of Kashmir),
Abdullah was the founding leader of the All Jammu & Kashmir Muslim
Conference and the 2nd Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir after
its accession to India. He agitated against the rule of the Maharaja
Hari Singh and urged self-rule for Kashmir. He served as the 2nd
Prime Minister of the Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir after its
accession to India in 1947 and was later jailed and exiled. He was
dismissed from the position of Prime Ministership on 8 August 1953
and Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad was appointed as the new Prime
Minister. The expressions ‘Sadar-i-Riyasat’ and ‘Prime Minister’ were
replaced with the terms ‘Governor’ and ‘Chief Minister’ in 1965.
Sheikh Abdullah again became the Chief Minister of the state
following the 1974 Indira-Sheikh accord and remained in the top slot
till his death on 8 September 1982.
8. Mehbooba Mufti (born 22 May 1959) is an Indian politician of the
Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), who served
as the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir from 4 April 2016 to 19
June 2018. She formed a coalition government with the Bharatiya
Janata Party (BJP) and resigned on 19 June 2018 after the BJP
withdrew from the coalition. Mufti was the first and the last woman to
hold the office of Chief Minister in the state. She is the president of
the PDP and was a member of the Indian parliament, representing
Anantnag in the 16th Lok Sabha; before she was sworn in as the
Chief Minister of J&K. She had previously represented Anantnag in
the 14th Lok Sabha (2004–09) but did not contest the 2009 election
for the 15th Lok Sabha.
9. Mufti Mohammad Sayeed (12 January 1936
– 7 January 2016) was a politician from the Indian state of Jammu
and Kashmir. He served twice as the Chief Minister of Jammu and
Kashmir, from November 2002 to November 2005 and again from
March 2015 to January 2016. He was also Home Minister of India
from December 1989 to November 1990 . He founded the Jammu
and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party in July 1999 to “persuade the
Government of India to initiate an unconditional dialogue with
Kashmiris for resolution of the Kashmir problem.”
10. Fairoz Khan (born 21 March 1989) is an Indian student leader
and the former national president of the National Students’ Union of
India (NSUI). He was succeeded by Neeraj Kundan as the National
President of NSUI.
Political Parties of Jammu and Kashmir
1. The Jammu and Kashmir Democratic Freedom Party (JKDFP):
was founded in 1998 by Hashim Qureshi and Shabir Ahmad Shah as
a separatist party that advocates self-rule for Jammu and Kashmir.
2. The Jammu and Kashmir People’s Democratic Party (PDP): was
founded in 1999 by Mufti Mohammed Sayeed and is a separatist
party that advocates self-rule for Jammu and Kashmir.
3. The All Parties Hurriyat Conference (APHC): was founded in 1993
and is a political front formed as an alliance of 26 political, social and
religious organisations in Kashmir. One of the main objectives of the
APHC is ascend the Indian controlled regions of Kashmir to Pakistan
and to instate Islamic governance.
4. The Indian National Congress (INC): is one of the two major
political parties in India and is considered centre-left in the Indian
political spectrum. In the 2009 general election it formed a coalition
with a number of allies called the UPA and was able to form a
majority and form a government.
5. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP): is India’s second largest political
party and is considered centre-right in the Indian political spectrum
and is the Hindu-National party. They were in power from 1998 to
2004 when Atal Bihari Vajpayee was Prime Minister.
6. The Jammu and Kashmir National Conference Party (NCP): was
founded by Sheikh Abduallah in 1939 and dominated electoral politics
for many decades in the state, it is now being led by his grandson
Omar Abdullah. They are a moderate separatist party and call for
Jammu and Kashmir’s right to self-determination and autonomy.
 of Jammu and Kashmir){kind=link}
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